Today on 8 August “women’s day” we are talking about an important health concern of women…“irregular uterine bleeding “—
this is an “umbrella” term to describe a range of conditions characterized by abnormal uterine bleeding.
these include-
*oligomenorrhea: menstrual cycle is longer than 35 days or scanty periods
*polymenorrhoea:menstrual cycle shorter than 21 days *metrorrhagia: bleeding from the uterus not caused by normal menstruation; it usually excludes any abnormal bleeding Premenarche and postmenopausal.
*postcoital bleeding: bleeding following intercourse *dysfunctional uterine hemorrhage: abnormal bleeding not able to be attributed to any obvious pathology or pregnancy
*Metro menorrhagia: bleeding more frequent and excessive
*menorrhagia–
definition– this refers to excessive bleeding at the time of a menstrual period, reflected in the number of blood loss days, the amount of blood, or both. excessive menstrual bleeding refers to blood loss greater than 80 ml occurring at regular menstrual cycle.
Etiology-
1. uterine origin
functional: believed to involve abnormalities in the biochemical process of the endometrium which results in the increased supply of arachidonic acid and hence an increase in prostaglandin synthesis.
2. uterine fibroids
3.endometrial polyp
4.endometrial hyperplasia
5.endometriosis
6.adenomyosis
7.intrauterine devices
8.malpositions of the uterus: retroversion and/or retroreflection
9.conditions of the cervix uteri: erosions, polyps
10.acute and chronic endometritis
11.endocrine disturbances:
*pituitary disorders
*thyroid disorders e.g. hypothyroidism
*ovarian disorders
12.Other: Drugs, hypertension, Diabetes mellitus, blood dyscrasias, chronic nephritis, vitamin A deficiency,
chronic pelvic inflammation, acute systemic infections/disorders.
